Contents
Meaning of Management
According to F.W. Taylor, ‘ Management is an art of knowing what to do when to do and see that it is done in the best and cheapest way ‘.
Management is the art of getting things done by others. So you are thinking how ? we will tell you how – at every level in the organisation a manager has to get things done through its subordinates. At the top level, the subordinates themselves are managers I.e. a top executive manager manages other managers. At the middle level, managers get things done through supervisors. At the supervisory level, supervisors get things done through clerks and workers. The nature of management is briefly discussed through the following points:
Nature of Management
Management is a Universal Process
The 14 basic principles of management given by henry fayol are universal in nature. This means it has the same applicability all over the world. These principles are equally applicable in different organisations, businesses, government departments and others. The managerial job is basically the same at all level of organisation and in all types of institutions.
Management is a Continuous Process
Management is an on-going process. The cycle of management continues to operate as long as the organisation exists. The main objective of this continuous process is to make small, progressive changes that will provide greater value in the long run. Continuous management is done for the effective and efficient achievement of goals.
Management is Intangible
Intangible means anything which can not be seen and touched, it can be felt only. Management is an unseen and invisible force. It cannot be seen but its presence can be felt everywhere in the form of results. The effect of management can be noticed in an organisation when targets are met according to plans, employees are happy and satisfied.
Management is a Social Process
Management is done by people, through people and for the people. Management is a social process because it deals with people. It is concerned with making the best use of human efforts. managers have to create co-operation among employees in an organisation .they have to look after the interests of employees, customers, investors, shareholders, community and stakeholders.
Management is an art as well as a Science
Management involves a systematic body of theoretical knowledge as well as the practical experience of such knowledge. Management is the “art of arts” because it organizes and uses human talent. It is science also because Management follows a systematic method to find a possible solution for a problem.
Management is Goal-Oriented
The existence of management is for the sole purpose of achieving the organisational goals. Management directs the energy of all the human resources available in the organisation towards the accomplishment of the predetermined goals .achievement of goals provides justification for the existence of an organisation.
Management is a Group Activity
Management requires group efforts in order to achieve the common objectives of the organisation.it is an activity which is concerned with getting the things done rather than doing itself. People generally join groups to achieve what they cannot achieve individually. Group activity is required in all areas of human activity.
Management is Being Creative
The proper management means attaining the organisational objectives with the highest efficiency at the minimum possible cost. The job of managers is to make a productive enterprise out of available human and material resources. The basic aim of management is the optimum utilisation of the available resources. Effectiveness and efficiency are the two pillars on which the managerial performance is based.